Mg isotope response to dolomitization in hinterland-attached carbonate platforms: Outlook of δ26Mg as a tracer of basin restriction and seawater Mg/Ca ratio

Mg isotope response to dolomitization in hinterland-attached carbonate platforms: Outlook of δ26Mg as a tracer of basin restriction and seawater Mg/Ca ratio

By: Bialik O.M., Wang X., Zhao S., Waldmann N.D., Frank R., Li W.
Published in: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
SDGs : SDG 14  |  Units: Marine Sciences  | Time: 2018 |  Link
Description: Magnesium isotopes in early diagenetic dolomite have been proposed as a potential tracer for seawater chemistry and glob al Mg cycles. However, the applicability of Mg isotopes of early diagenetic dolomite in studies of ancient seawater requires a detailed understanding of the behavior of Mg isotopes during dolomitization in a variety of geological settings. Hinterland attached carbonate platform is an important sink of seawater Mg through dolomitization, and basin restriction is a common feature in hinterland attached carbonate platforms, yet its effects on Mg isotope systematics in carbonates have not been well documented. The upper Albian Hevyon Formation in southern Israel was deposited in a typical hinterland attached carbonate platform setting and provides an ideal case for investigating the Mg isotope behavior during dolomitization in environments of frequent basin restrictions. The abundance of dolomite increases up-section in the Hevyon Formation and correlates with the appearance of microbial deposits and disappearance of metazoans, reflecting water level fluctuations in multiple exposure and recharging events. In conjunction with sedimentary facies analysis, multiple geochemical proxies (Ni/Co, V/Cr, Ce/Ce∗, and δ13C) indicate the development of anoxic conditions. These two lines of evidence, together with textural indicators and 87Sr/86Sr ratios, suggest dolomitization was microbial and penecontemporaneous in a shallow low circulation water body. δ26Mg of dolomite increases from −1.99 ± 0.12‰ in the lower part of the sequence to a value of −1.52 ± 0.02‰ in the middle interval, then decreases back to −2.06 ± 0.18‰ in the upper unit. Overall, Mg isotope compositions co-vary with δ13C, Mg/Ca ratios, as well as crystal size of dolomite, which implies that variations in δ26Mg value reflect syn-depositional changes in water chemistry as a result of dolomitization in episodically restricted basins. δ26Mg tracks the fluctuating marine connection and provides a powerful tracer for the level of restriction. Furthermore, by pairing Mg isotope variability of the dolomite with a Rayleigh distillation model and elemental mass balance in aqueous solution, it is possible to constrain the Mg/Ca ratio of seawater. Based on the records from the Hevyon Formation, Mg/Ca ratio of seawater during the Albian is constrained between 1.5 and 1, which is consistent with results from other records. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd